JÕELÄHTME ANIMAL REMAINS README


*** Dataset of zooarchaeological records from Jõelähtme stone­cist cemetery ***

Authors: Eve Rannamäe (a), Liivi Varul (b), Teresa Tomek (c)
(a) Department of Archaeology, Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Estonia
(b) School of Humanities, Tallinn University, Estonia
(c) Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Contact information: eve.rannamae@ut.ee



*** General introduction***

This dataset contains data collected during the analyses of archaeological animal remains from Jõelähtme stone cist graves, Estonia. All data found here are inserted in ArhIS database and Estonian Archaeology Dataset (ARHEST) https://andmekogud.arheoloogia.ee/#/leiud/arheozooloogia. Data in this dataset were collected at the University of Tartu during the period of 2014-2017.

Publications (short references are found in the data table and this file):

Driesch, A. von den. 1976. Das Vermessen von Tierknochen aus vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Siedlungen. Institut für Paläoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin der Universität München, München.

Ehrlich, F., Rannamäe, E., Laneman, M., Tõrv, M., Lang, V., Oras, E. & Lõugas, L. 2021. In search of Estonia’s earliest chicken. - Estonian Journal of Archaeology, 25: 2, 160-181. https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2021.2.04.

Grant, A. 1982. The use of tooth wear as a guide to the age of domestic ungulates. - Ageing and Sexing Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites (BAR, British Series, 109). Eds B. Wilson, C. Grigson & S. Payne. Archaeopress, Oxford, 91-108.

Laneman, M. 2021. The date of the stone-cist cemetery at Jõelähtme reconsidered. - Estonian Journal of Archaeology 25: 1, 55-89. https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2021.1.03.

Rannamäe, E., Lõugas, L., Speller, C. F., Valk, H., Maldre, L., Wilczynski, J. et al. 2016. Three thousand years of continuity in the maternal lineages of ancient sheep (Ovis aries) in Estonia. - PLoS ONE, 11: 10, e0163676. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163676.

Varul, L. & Rannamäe, E. 2014. Solving the Puzzle of a Bronze Age Stone-Cist Grave at Jõelähtme, Estonia. - Student Archaeology in Europe 2014. Eds P. Krištuf, D. Novák, P. Tóth, D. Vokounová Franzeová. University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, 152-161.

Varul, L. 2016. Jõelähtme kivikirstkalmete 1–9, 12–24, 34–36 inimluude analüüs. Tartu. Manuscript in the archive of the Archaeological Research Collection at Tallinn University.


*** Purpose of the data collection ***

The purpose of the data collection was to obtain information about archaeological animal remains from the Late Bronze Age Jõelähtme stone cist graves in Estonia, mainly to supplement the osteological analysis of human remains from the same graves (Varul 2016).



*** Description of the data in this dataset ***

The dataset consists of two files:

'JÕELÄHTME_ANIMAL_REMAINS_README.txt' - this file.

'AI_5306_Jõelähtme_animal_remains.xlsx' - table that contains basic identification data for 1168 specimens from Jõelähtme stone cist graves, from excavations in 1982-1984 (collection ID AI 5306).


***AI_5306_Jõelähtme_animal_remains.xlsx - data description***

*** Üldandmed = General information ***
Tulme	 = Collection ID number
Leiunumber = AZ collection number given to the specimen or set of specimens
Leidude arv = Number of specimens (whole and/or fragments)
Leiuaeg = Time of finding (i.e. archaeological fieldwork)
Publitseeritud = Published (short reference marked)
Kirjeldus = General description (incl. excavation method by hand/sieve)
Märkused = General remarks (incl. taphonomy and sampling information)

*** Leiukoht = Find location ***
Kaevand = Excavation plot
Korris = Technical layer of the excavation plot
Leiukoht = Description of the find location
Ruut = Square of the excavation plot
Sügavus max. = Maximal depth
Sügavus min. = Minimal depth
Laiuskraad (B) = Latitude (B) of the archaeological site/excavation plot
Pikkuskraad (L) = Longitude (L) of the archaeological site/excavation plot

*** Asukoht = Repository ***
Hoidla = Depository
Karbi nr = Box number

*** Määrang = Identification ***
Loomarühm = Animal group
Takson = Taxon
Kehaosa = Body part
Luu/jäänus = Bone/remain
Pool = Side
Sugu = Sex
Patoloogiad = Pathologies
Vanus = Age, i.e. neonatal/juvenile/subadult/adult, empty cell is by default 'adult'
Isend = Individual
Kirjeldus (määrang) = Description (identification)
Märkused (määrang) = Remarks (identification)
Jäänuste arv = Number of specimens (whole and/or fragments)
Märkused (jäänuste arv) = Remarks (number of specimens)
Määraja 1 = Analyst 1
Määramise aeg = Time of identification
Määraja 2 = Analyst 2
Määramise aeg 2 = Time of identification 2

*** Dateering = Dating ***
C14 dateering = 14C date
Labori number = Lab number
Arheoloogiline kontekst = Archaeological context
Märkused (dateering) = Remarks (dating)

*** Mõõdud (mm) = Measurements (mm) ***
Pikkus (L) max = Max. length
Pikkus (L) min = Min. length
Laius (W) max = Max. width
Laius (W) min = Min. width
Kõrgus (H) = Height
Sügavus/läbimõõt (D) = Depth/diameter
Märkused (mõõdud) = Remarks (measurements)

*** Proov = Sample ***
Proovivõtu protokolli nr = Sampling protocol number