***Bird bones from archaeological excavations in Viljandi, Estonia, from 1987 to 2014***
Authors: Freydis Ehrlich, Eve Rannamäe, Teresa Tomek

Corresponding author: Freydis Ehrlich
Contact information: 

freydis.ehrlich@ut.ee

Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005, Tartu, Estonia

***General Introduction***
The dataset contains bird bone identifications by Freydis Ehrlich, Eve Rannamäe and Teresa Tomek from 2009-2018. 
The bird bones come from 35 archaeological excavations conducted in the town of Viljandi in 1987-2014. The material is dated from the 10th to 18th centuries; more information about the time periods can be found in the paper published based on this dataset. 
A paper has been published based on this dataset: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.07.018.
The dataset is made public to act as a supplementary data for this paper and to make it usable for other researchers.
When using this dataset, please cite as follows: Ehrlich, F., Rannamäe, E., Tomek, T. 2020. Bird bones from archaeological excavations in Viljandi, Estonia, from 1987 to 2014. UT DataDOI online repository. Available at: DOI link.

The identifications were based on morphology. Reference collections and handbooks used are summarised in the paper published based on this dataset.

The work was supported by the Estonian Research Council grant No PRG29.

***Description of the data in this dataset***
Identifications for each archaeological site are presented in separate Excel files, labelled with collection ID, site name and year of excavations. 
The dataset consists of 36 files: 
'README.txt' - this file;
'TÜ_812_Viljandi_Pikk_tn_4_hoov_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Pikk St 4 1999 site 
'TÜ_813_Viljandi_ordulinnus_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 1999 site 
'TÜ_3005_Viljandi_Jaani_kirik_1987.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi St. John’s churchyard 1987 site 
'TÜ_3007_Viljandi_noorte_huvikeskus_1991.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Pikk St 4 1991 site 
'VM_10235_Viljandi_Munga_tn_1989.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Munga St 1989 site 
'VM_10258_Viljandi_Jaani_kirik_1990.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi St. John’s churchyard 1990 site 
'VM_10324_Viljandi_Jaani_kirik_1991.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi St. John’s churchyard 1991 site 
'VM_10326_Viljandi_muuseumi_juurdeehitus_1991.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Museum 1991 site 
'VM_10536_Viljandi_muuseumi_alajaam_Lossi_tn_14a_1993.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Museum 1993 site 
'VM_10589_Viljandi_kvartal_nr_161_1997.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi City block 161 1997 site 
'VM_10740_Viljandi_lossimäed_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill A and hill D 1999 site  
'VM_10741_Viljandi_Suusahüppemägi_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill A 1999 site  
'VM_10742_Viljandi_Pähklimägi_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill C 1999 site 
'VM_10811_Viljandi_Pähklimägi_2000.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill C 2000 site 
'VM_10812_Viljandi_Pikk_tn_4_2000.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Pikk St 4 2000 site 
'VM_10846_Viljandi_ordulinnus_2001.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 2001 site  
'VM_10848_Viljandi_Lossi_tn_2001.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Lossi St 2001 site 
'VM_10849_Viljandi_Pähklimägi_2001.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill C 2001 site 
'VM_10872_Viljandi_Posti_tn_16_ja_Lossi_tn_33_vaheline_hoov_2001.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Posti St and Lossi St 2001 site 
'VM_10875_Viljandi_ordulinnus_2002.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 2002 site 
'VM_10877_Viljandi_Suusahüppemägi_2002.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill A 2002 site 
'VM_10898_Viljandi_Väike_Turu_tn_2001.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Väike-Turu St 2001 site 
'VM_10922_Viljandi_ordulinnus_2003.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 2003 site 
'VM_10942_Viljandi_muuseumi_hoov_1994_1995.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Museum 1994-1995 site 
'VM_10952_Viljandi_Musumägi_2003.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill B 2003 site 
'VM_10952_Viljandi_Musumägi_2004.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill B 2004 site 
'VM_11041_Viljandi_ordulinnus_2004.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 2004 site 
'VM_11083_Viljandi_Suusahüppemägi_2005.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill A 2005 site 
'VM_11090_Viljandi_spordihoone_juurdeehitus_1999.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Sports Centre (Vaksali St 4) 1999 site 
'VM_11134_Viljandi_Suusahüppemägi_2006.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill A 2006 site 
'VM_11173_Viljandi_Suusahüppemägi_2007.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi hill B 2007 site 
'VM_11180_Viljandi_ordulinnuse_kolmas_eeslinnus_2007.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Castle 2007 site 
'VM_11272_Viljandi_Lossi_tn_21_2009.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Lossi St 21 2009 site 
'VM_11457_Viljandi_muuseum_1993.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi Museum 1993 site 
'VM_10324_Viljandi_Kaevumäest_vahetult_lõunas_2014.xlsx' - a table file that contains bird bone identifications of Viljandi ridge beside the castle 2014 site 




***Explanation of column names in the identification tables:*** 
Tulme - Collection ID number
Leiunumber - AZ collection number given to the bone specimen or set of specimens
Arv - Amount (how many bones and/or fragments)
Leiuaeg - Time of finding
Publitseeritud - Published (short reference marked)
Kirjeldus - General description
Märkused - General remarks
Kaevand - Excavation plot
Korris - Layer of the excavation
Leiukoht - Description of the finding place
Ruut - Square within the excavation
Sügavus max. - Maximal depth
Sügavus min. - Minimal depth
Laiuskraad (B) - Coordinates (B)
Laiuskraad (L) - Coordinates (L)
Hoidla - Depositary
Karbi nr - Box number
Takson - Taxon
Kehaosa - Body part
Luu/jäänus - Bone/remain
Pool - Side
Sugu - Sex
Patoloogiad - Pathologies
Vanus - Age
Isend - Individual
Kirjeldus (määrang) - Description (determination)
Märkused (määrang) - Remarks (determination)
Määraja 1 - Determinant 1
Määramise aeg - Time of determination
Määraja 2 - Determinant 2
Määramise aeg 2 - Time of determination 2
Proovivõtu protokolli nr - Number of sampling protocol

CranGL - greatest length of the Cranium
CranCBL - condylobasal length of the Cranium
CranGB - greatest breadth of the Cranium
CranGBP - greatest breadth of the Processus postfrontales of the cranium
CranKBO - smallest breadth of the Cranium
CranGH - greatest hight of the Cranium
CranLP - length from the Protuberantia occipitalis externa to the most aboral points of Processus fronatels of the Incisivum
CranLI - greatest length of the Incisivum
MandGL - greatest length of the Mandibula
MandLaF - length of the most aboral points of Facies articularis
MandLS - length of the Symphasis of the Mandibula
SternLM - length of the Manubrium sterni
SterndL - dorsal length of the Sternum
SternLC - length of the Crista sterni
SternKBF - smallest breadth of the Sternum
CorGL - greatest length of the Coracoideum
CorLm - medial length of the Coracoideum
CorBb - basal breadth of the Coracoideum
CorBF - breadth of the basal articular surface of the Coracoideum
ScapGL - greatest length of the Scapula
ScapDc - greatest cranial diagonal of the Scapula
HumGL - greatest length of the Humerus
HumBp - breadth of the proximal end of the Humerus
HumKC - smallest breadth of corpus of the Humerus
HumBd - breadth of the distal end of the Humerus
RadGL - greatest length of the Radius
RadKC - smallest breadth of the Radius
RadBd - greatest breadth of the distal end of the Radius
UlnaGL - greatest length of the Ulna
UlnaBp - breadth of proximal end of the Ulna
UlnaDp - diagonal of the proximal end of the Ulna
UlnaKC - smallest breadth of corpus of the Ulna
UlnaDd - diagonal of the distal end of the Ulna
CmcGL - greatest length of the Carpometacarpus
CmcL - length of the Metacarpus II of the Carpometacarpus
CmcBp - breadth of the proximal extremity of the Carpometacarpus
CmcDd - diagonal of the distal end of the Carpometacarpus
Ph1dGL - greatest length of the Phalanx proximalis digiti majoris 
Ph1dL - length of the articular surface to articular surface of the Phalanx proximalis digiti majoris
PelvGL - greatest length of the Pelvis
PelvLS - length of the cranial border of the Ilia to the Spianae ilio-caudales of the Pelvis
PelvLV - length along the Vertebrae of the Pelvis
PelvCB - cranial breadth of the Pelvis
PelvKB - smallest breadth of the Pelvis
PelvAA - breadth between the borders of the Acetabula
PelvDA - diameter of the Acetabulum
PelvBA - breadth in the middle of the Pelvis
FemGL - greatest length of the Femur
FemLm - medial length of the Femur
FemBp - breadth of the proximal end of the Femur
FemTp - depth of the proximal end of the Femur
FemKC - smallest breadth of corpus of the Femur
FemBd - breadth of the distal end of the Femur
FemTd - depth of the distal end of the Femur
TbtGL - greatest length of the Tibiotarsus
TbtLa - axial length of the Tibiotarsus
TbtDp - diagonal of the proximal end of the Tibiotarsus
TbtKC - smallest breadth of corpus of the Tibiotarsus
TbtBd - breadth of the distal end of the Tibiotarsus
TbtTd - depth of the distal end of the Tibiotarsus
TmtGL - greatest length of the Tarsometatarsus
TmtBp - breadth of the proximal end of the Tarsometatarsus
TmtKC - smallest breadth of corpus of the Tarsometatarsus
TmtBd - breadth of the distal end of the Tarsometatarsus